Identifer: CJF-RFC2015197

Medium
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Description
This medal was issued as part of the Historical Cities of Israel Medals which were issued by the Israel Government Coins & Medals Corporation to commemorate the Historical Cities of Israel.  They were issued from 1965-1966.  They were all issued in Silver and Yellow Bronze ( also known as tombac) with one medal struck in gold.
 
This medal is 45mm with a mintage of 14,969.
 
Jerusalem is mentioned six hundred and fifty six times in Scriptures and has played a unique role in Jewish history as a capital city, as a holy city.  The city is holy for Christians and Moslems as well.  Its sacred character for these religions stems from their Judaic roots, and to other sacred places in Palestine.  For the Jewish people, however, Jerusalem is a capital in both the profane and sacred sense, the very essence of its foundation; “If I forget thee Jerusalem, may my right arm lose its cunning”.  Jerusalem looms large in its people’s memory for its glorious history, for the vision of prophets who paced in its precincts, for the royal figures who governed it and for the heritage of its sages who preached therein.
 
King David captured the city some three thousand years ago and made it his capital, the city of David, Solomon added to its glory and established the Temple there, Nebuchadnezzar destroyed the Temple and sent the people into captivity.  During the reign of Cyrus, the Jews returned to their land and built the Second Temple which endured for 608 years ending in the Roman destruction.  Bar Kochba, sixty years later, returned Jewish sovereignty to the city.  When the city fell again to the Romans, Jews were forbidden to enter it or the Temple site.
 
For more than 18 centuries, Jerusalem was held by various conquerors – Romans, Byzantines, Persians, Arabs, Crusaders, Mamelukes and Turks.  During recent centuries, however, Jerusalem became the largest Jewish settlement in Palestine.  By 1860 a series of new neighbourhoods were established in the city.  The Jewish population grew gradually and in time became dominant in the city.
 
During the War of Independence, Jewish Jerusalem defended itself with supreme valor.  Neither steady bombardment, nor the siege; neither starvation nor the indifferent antagonistic attitude of the British Mandatory rulers, could defeat it.  To be sure, the Old City and its eastern part were captured by the Jordanian legion, but the attempt to wrest Jerusalem from the Jewish State failed.
 
On 22 Kislev 5710, Prime Minister David Ben Gurion proclaimed Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and during the Six Day War, the Old City and the eastern part were liberated and Jerusalem was again united under Israeli rule.